When using Java 6, it is possible to use JSR-223 scripting languages like JRuby or JPython for scripting inside the repository. On Java 5, only Groovy is available.
As described in the scripting project's home page - a list of supported languages can be found at the bottom of that page - it is possible to integrate and use various scripting languages from Java.
Enabling additional scripting languages
... is easy if you know how to do it
Java needs a special jar with bootstrap information (located in META-INF/services/javax.script.ScriptEngineFactory) to register itself and the language implementation of course.
A zip-file/tarball with the bootstrap jars for all supported languages can be downloaded here.
The respective ...-engine.jar and the jar's needed by the language have to be in the classpath of the Application Server to be enabled.
Example: Adding JRuby JSR-223 support to JBoss 4.2.2
Assuming you use the default profile
Download jsr223-engines.tar.gz (or jsr223-engines.zip) from here